Islands Trust Council Quarterly Meeting Agenda Appendix B

· Islands Trust Area · Meeting Documents · 2025

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Topics: Marine & foreshore · Fresh water & aquifers · Housing & affordability · Agriculture & the ALR · Transportation & ferries · Governance & budget · Climate & environment — our classification, not the Trust's.

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Pages 2-21
Jennifer Margison, Friends of the Gulf Islands Society – Addressing  the need for growth 
limits
 assessments in the islands of the Trust Area.

Growth Limits for the Islands Trust Area
Friends of the Gulf Islands Society 

The Purpose of the Islands Trust
• Created in 1974 as a public trust to preserve and protect 
the islands’ natural environment, rural character 
and unique amenities
• Recognized thenthat development would have to be 
controlled in order to achieve these goals  

Why This Issue Matters Now
• Unprecedented growth pressures in recent years
• Between 2016 and 2021, population increased 27% while 
BC grew only 7.6% and Canada 5.2%
• Ecosystem conversion has already surpassed safe 
thresholds on some islands

The Critical Questions
• How many residents and visitors can the islands sustain 
without compromising the very values the Trust was created 
to protect?
• What level of development is compatible with ecosystem 
health?
• What preserves long-term livability? 

• Some argue: “It’s not how many people, but how we live.”
• But the evidence shows: numbers do matter for 
sustainability
• Each person uses water, creates waste and relies on 
ferries, roads and services
• Population affects ecological resilience and infrastructure
Why Growth Limits Matter

Environmental Pressures
 Development harms ecosystems by:
• Removing vegetation and fragmenting forests
• Impacting wildlife and species-at-risk
• Reducing groundwater recharge and ecosystem health

The Warning Signs
• Significant water trucking is already happening on islands 
- Gabriola, Galiano, Pender, Mayne, Saturna
• Indicates islands may already have exceeded 
their natural capacity
• A Trust-declared Climate Emergency in 2019 adds urgency

A Pressure-State-Response-Model
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
• Pressure: Human activities that stress ecosystems
• State: The condition of these ecosystems
• Response: The policies and actions taken to reduce 
damage

Build-out Numbers: the Missing Piece
• Build-out = full development by current zoning
• Essential to estimate future population and impacts
• Zoning should reflect what the island can actually support

What to Measure in Each Island Study
1. Ecosystem Health
• species diversity, forest cover, invasive species, water quality
2. Freshwater Availability
• balance between human use and ecosystem needs
3. Waste Absorption Capacity
• septic system impacts on groundwater and marine life
4. Service and Infrastructure
• ferries, roads, health care, housing, schools

Key Concerns on Water and Waste
• Groundwater sustains forests, wildlife, wells
• Rainwater collection and desalination have limits
• On-site septic systems do not remove all contaminants

Facing the Challenge
• Determining growth limits is complex but possible
• Political courage will be required
• Some landowners may not be able to expand beyond their 
existing development potential

The Precautionary Principle
”A well-informed estima

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